Problems in ring spinning ring spinning process is a very critical process in the whole plant and it has also the direct relation to the production of the plant. With the everincreasing price of cotton, huge investments on sophisticated machines, and increasing labor wages, it is a highly challenging task for any spinning mill to enhance the productivity. After applying sizing process in warp yarn, different types of changes occurred such as increase frictional resistance, flexibility, smoothness etc. The effects of the yarn hairiness on the knitting operation following after spinning and its influence on the fabrics features, have led to its measurement, too. Spinning can give you a lifetime of pleasure, but you are sure to encounter some problems along the way. Yarn countsliver hank yarn count is the numerical expression of yarn, which defines its fineness or coarseness. Openendrotor spinning an overview sciencedirect topics. Introduction major quality problems that have its origin in yarn. Dec 31, 20 wrapping finisher drawframe sliver every 4 hours and taking immediate action if results exceed tolerance quality control graphs to be used. Ginning process of cotton ordnur textile and finance.
Spindle to spindle variation also occurs due to differences in spindle speed as a result of driving tape slippage, misalignment of tapes and spindle bearings or inadequate lubrication which should be maintained properly. Effect of processing factors on the incidence of yarn faults. There are variety of yarn faults occurs during spinning because of various causes, which are objectionable in the subsequent process. Detract aesthetic appeal of the fabric, if allowed to pass. Seldom occurring thick or thin places that are called yarn faults.
Ring spinning machine different parts of ring frame machine. These faults not only create problems in post spinning. In textile industry faults are frequently occurred and stitch length has a direct effect on these faults. This method of twisting two strands produces yarns which are more compact and less hairy in comparison with conventional twisting methods. Effect of processing factors on the incidence of yarn. Yarns especially spun yarns are twisted to hold the fibres together. Just when people discovered how to do this is not knownbutwe have archeological evidence. This will provides a detailed breakup of yarn faults based on the length and dimensions of the faults.
Yarn spinning is the process of manufacturing yarn from different types of fibres into a continuous length from one or more type of fibers. Yarn faults are very important characteristics which affecting spun yarn ability process and fabric appearance. Final package of yarn is the end and may chance the customer complaint. Yarns spun from staple fibers contain imperfections, which can be subdivided into three groups.
In winding department where the final package of yarn is make. In the case of automatic cone winding, the yarn waste generally varies from 05% in winders fitted with round magazine feed to 0. These are the faults that occur in range of the 10 to 5000 times per m of yarn. Qccplh 1 jiui 1984 the influence of raw material quality and processing factors on the incidence of yarn faults has been studied using the uster classimat. Pdf production and properties of core spun yarns and. As the stress in the spinning thread line is increased by higher windup speed, the pet. Comparison of conventional ring, mechanical compact and. After dyeing such faults result in shade variation. Heres a letter from the interweave team about how were responding to covid19 and offering support to our community.
Processing problems of polyester and its remedies dr. Finally, wrap some fleece onto the leader yarn and continue turning the spindle to twist it into new yarn. In an automatic ginning process of cotton, a modern machine is preferable. The properties that investigated were count, yarn faults, yarn irregularity and strength. Narayana prasad agmq at ghcl, madurai shared his understandings very briefly about classification of yarn faults, which is related to the seldom occurring yarn faults. A catalogue of visual textile defects aasim ahmed ts3b. Core spinning is a process by which fibres are twisted around an existing yarn, either filament or staple spun yarn, to produce a sheath core structure in which the already formed yarn. Cross sectional size 30% to 60% of normal yarn with fault.
Yarn faults rare yarn faults are principally characterized according to their appearance. Pdf study on different types of knitting faults, causes. The appearance of periodic faults in yarn is shown in figure2. Be calm, take a deep breath, and try one of these solutions. Study on different types of knitting faults, causes and remedies of knit fabrics. In order to survive the huge competition, it is absolutely essential that waste incurred during the yarn manufacturing processes should be kept under. The ring spinning machine was invented in the year 1828 by the american throp.
However, its application on yarn faults diagnosis and rectification is inadequately explored which left the troubleshooting of yarn faults operated manually by human experts. Process control and yarn quality in spinning thilagavathi. In total process of carding, there are various faults are arise which are deeply discussed in this article. Pdf study on different types of knitting faults, causes and. Before cotton arrives at the spinning mill to spin into thread and woven into the fabric, it makes the journey from field to bale.
Unfortunately, this is not yet possible with the technology of today. Defective yarns not only affect the appearance of yarn but also have a significant influence on post spinning operation. The binder is used to tie the effect yarn to the base yarn if binding is necessary. Full detail of yarn faults, causes and its remedies.
These faults not only create problems in postspinning. Yarn faults free download as powerpoint presentation. Classification of yarn faults and possible source of. The quality parameters of the analysed yarn obtained by the tests are presented in table 1. Cotton needs about five months to grow from a planted seed to a ready plant. Eos,fault classification with detection of spinning process related faults nslt,detection of yarn faults such as piecer, yarn count, irregularity, sliver faults and imperfections. Keeping this in mind, process control and yarn quality in spinning outlines the concepts of raw material selection, control of various process parameters to optimise the process conditions, and analysis and interpretation of various types of test reports to find out the source of fault. Yarn faults of various shapes and sizes can be introduced at all stages of spinning process. For changing the stitch length at same count at three same. There are various types of spinning methods for producing various types of yarn. Mar 20, 2018 yarn spinning is the process of manufacturing yarn from different types of fibres into a continuous length from one or more type of fibers. An elaborate and detailed assessment is made on various sectors of the yarn spinning such as production, consumption, and materials.
The major goals of spinning is to produce the quality yarn from raw material, then remove the process faults followed by winding the short length. The yarn waste in a spinning mill should not normally exceed 0. In spinning, the overall processing purpose is to produce. The process takes a fiber mass roving, reduces the mass through fiber drafting, inserts twist for strength, and winds the yarn onto a bobbin. It was, therefore, considered of interest to see the influence of fcb on yarn faults while using roving with higher tm. Classification of yarn faults and possible source of origin. To learn how to spin wool with a spinning wheel, keep reading. All of the problems listed here will happen to you at one time or another, as they happen to every spinner.
Yarn faults of various shapes and sizes can be introduced at all stages of spinning process, ever how these need to be. The shape roundness of the yarn depends on the spinning preparation, the. During the yarn manufacturing process various types of irregularities are generated in the yarn diameter regularly or at intervals which are known as yarn faults. No draft problems were observed on the ring spinning machine in the case of roving material having higher twist levels. Many of these faults can be avoided by keeping the spinning machine clean. Too much twist reduces yarn strength and also makes the yarn brittle and liable to from snarls. Yarn faults effects, generation and removal textile mates. Objectionable yarn faults can be categorized in three. The article must be at least 500 words or above and contains valuable information no copy paste is allowed and we will check plagiarism to confirm. Other methods of break spinning use needles and electrostatic forces.
Textile calculation represents all about mathematical calculation of spinning, weaving, knitting, wet processing and garments costing and consumption formula. Spinning is the most important and the initial step in fabric manufacturing. The major goals of spinning is to produce the quality yarn from raw material, then remove the process faults followed by winding the short length bobbins on cones. Textile specialists in spinning mills who have to conquer disturbing yarn fault have to find the origin of such yarn faults. To provide fault free yarn to the down stream industry, preventive measures and removal of yarn faults in the spinning mills take place. In the production of spun yams, such faults as slubs, spunin lint and bad piecings, become incidental. Yarn faults in spinning common types of yarn faults. The spinning process is shorter, and the number of fault reducing doublings is much less. It is the machine by which yarn is manufactured at required specification for specific purposes. Previous research indicate that expert system has been in use for automating operations in the textile and garment industry. Splices must not be larger than the cleared yarn faults. The terminology as well as the classification for novelty yarns varies considerably.
For changing the stitch length at same count at three same diametric double jersey knitting machine on same rib structure we found the effect of stitch length on common knit fabric faults. A yarn which is thicker than the desired count or has a thick. How to control of waste in spinning mill textile course. Two important things in spinning of yarn that will later on affect the fineness and strength of the fabric woven. The source of faults could be in circular knitting machine, 80% faults come form yarn. How to edit this portfolio remove this link when it is no longer necessary to use. In this study we have done study on knit fabric faults and their causes. Cross sectional size 30% to 60% of normal yarn with fault length of 4 to 25 mm. Feb 27, 2020 once youve secured the leader yarn, hold the spindle in your right hand and rotate it so it twists. During completing this process, several defects are produced which are deeply discussed in this article. Precise digital yarn clearing for highest efficiency and lowest maintenance. Daily wrappings of yarn for count, regularity of count, strength and twist. A similar quality of yarn is achieved through the siro spinning process of spinning single yarn from two rovings simultaneously under the same drafting system shaikhzadeh najar et al. Spinning yarns, telling tales about textiles spinning whether accomplished by hand orby ma chine, spinning is the simple process of drawing out a few fibers, twisting them together into a continuous length, and winding them into a ball or onto a stick.
We will give you any of the 2 books from the below list if you fulfill our conditions if you want to download this book, you need to write an unique article about textile related topics. Classimat yarn fault analysis download as word doc. Problems and success factor of ring spinning textile school. Ring spinning is one of the most common spinning methods in the world. Study on different types of knitting faults, causes and.
Not only affect the appearance of fabric but also create hamper in spinning operation. Yarn faults cause disruptions in the subsequent processes, which affect production and quality. The yarn processor requires a much longer fault free length of yarn or a better quality of yarn. Spinning is the twisting together of drawn out strands of fibers to form yarn. The yarn spinning industry covers almost 25 percent of the total industrial production of one of the worlds 10 largest economies. Different types of yarn defectsfaults textile learner. To provide faultfree yarn to the down stream industry, preventive measures and removal of yarn faults in the spinning mills take place.
Monday saturday 11am6pmsunday noon 5pmclosed mondays springsummer. This defect is caused by bunch of broken ends woven in the fabric. These are the faults that arise periodically and appear as a wood pattern or as stripes or streaks in the fabric. Objectionable yarn faults can be categorized in three groups. Yarn quality is influenced by various types of yarn faults which also affects the quality of fabric produced. Whether you are looking for beginner spinning wheel instructions, or are in need of a refresher, youll love these free spinning projects and tutorials. Ring spinning machine different parts of ring frame. An expert system approach for the diagnosis and rectification. Yarn spinning system is the collective term which describes the sequence of processes that are required to produce a yarn where spinning is the last process in the production of a single yarn. We used 100 % combed rovings which were used in the first part of the study. All natural fibres follow a similar basic routine of conversion to spun yarn which includes four major stages although manmade fibres do not. Thin places can occur, excessive drafts in the drafting assembly. Yarn classification faults and causes sriyaditha textile. This ring spinning was much more productive, simpler in mechanism, easier in manipulation and more economic.
The number of objectionable faults due to raw material varies from 16% to 30% with different yarns. Appropriate cleared yarn meets market specification. Faulty yarns produce due to a number of factors like type of raw material used, process parameters adopted, processing conditions maintained etc. Mar 20, 2018 yarn spinning, blow room functions blow room is the starting of the spinning operation where the fiber is opened, cleaned, mixed, micro dust removed and evened thus passed to carding machine without increasing fiber rupture, fiber neps, broken seed particles and without removing more good fibers.
Ring spinning is the oldest type of fiber spinning still in use. Rieter k44 pneumatic compact spinning system was used in the production of pneumatic compact yarns. A study on measures to reduce infrequent yarn faults. The process of making yarns from the textile fiber is called spinning. Faults have adequately death with earlier in this section under regularity. Normally in most of the mills, since extraction of these faults which is done at winding is a. Between 1860 and at the end of the nineteenth century were a period of intense development of different types and shapes of ring and traveler. Thick places in yarn are often caused by soiling or damaged machine parts. There is a wide variety of novelty yarns that are produced using different techniques and types of fibres and strands. The alphabet a to g indicates the thick yarn faults while the letters h and i represent thin faults. Introduction tencel fiber is a kind of regenerated cellulose fiber produced in a way called solvent spinning method, the production mainly uses coniferous wood pulp as raw materials.
This illustrates the close relation between splice size and yarn clearing setting. Page 47 the spindle, which hangs from the fibers, twists the fibers as it rotates downward, and spins a length of yarn as it pulls away from the fiber bundle. Evaluation of processing performance and properties of 100. The number of twists per unit length is used to measure twist. The different business models of the spinning mills determine the optimum balance between fiber loss and best possible yarn quality. Bharti department of mechanical engineering integral university, lucknow, india yarn. Analysis on the spinning process and properties of tencel yarn. New machines in the spinning mill run quicker, produce more, and stress the fibre much more than was previously the case. Around half of all thick places are caused by fiber fly spun in on the spinning machine. Too thick and thin places, foreign fibres and dirty places are counted as yarn faults. Only a quasi invisible splice, meaning a splice matching the yarn, allows a tight clearer setting otherwise small yarn faults could possibly be. Following are some production, mechanical and electric problems here. Spinning is the first steps of textile product processing.
Its difficult to manage it and a lot of problems occurs during the process. The presentation of practical trials underlines usters experience with the total contamination control philosophy in the short fiber spinning mill. This was the origin of ring twisting, probably the most extensively used system for the processes of simultaneously twisting yarn and winding it onto a package. Carding machine produces sliver from processing laps. Though it is documented in various papers that yarn faults objectionable not only affect fabric appearance but also causes end breakage in subsequent processes resulting to in low production and. Analysis on the defects in yarn manufacturing process. Effect of processing factors on the incidence of yarn faults in spinning k p r pilla y cl r hariharan south india textile resean. Appendixi 303 fabric defects following are the additional fabric defects and their related theory. Introduction the problem of faults and defects produced during the mechanical spinning of yarns is as old as the industry itself. This is a void in the warp direction due to yarn breakage. Causes and remedies of carding faults in spinning textile.
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